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Glucose control is critical in critically ill patients primarily due to the adverse effects of hyperglycemia. In a critical care setting, high blood glucose levels can lead to various complications, including increased infection rates, prolonged length of hospital stay, and overall worse patient outcomes. The physiological stress associated with critical illness often results in insulin resistance, making it essential to manage glucose levels to mitigate these risks.

Hyperglycemia has been associated with immune dysfunction, which can elevate the risk of infections. In critically ill patients, maintaining blood glucose levels within a normal range has been shown to minimize the incidence of infections, improve healing, and potentially reduce mortality. Furthermore, better glucose control can shorten the duration of hospitalization, allowing for more efficient use of healthcare resources and enhancing patient recovery.

Managing glucose levels can also help prevent complications linked to both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, as unstable glucose levels can contribute to adverse events, including cardiac complications and neurological issues. Therefore, focused glucose management in critically ill patients is vital for improving outcomes and supporting recovery.